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Recent research published in The Lancet highlights evolving insights into dementia prevention, identifying untreated vision loss and high cholesterol after age 40 as significant modifiable risk factors. This brings the total number of known risk factors to 14, which collectively account for approximately 49 percent of dementia cases globally.
The findings emphasize the interconnectedness of physical health and brain function. Vision loss not only impairs eyesight but also reduces engagement in activities that promote cognitive resilience, such as reading and socializing. High levels of LDL cholesterol, often referred to as “bad” cholesterol, can damage blood vessels in the brain and heart, restricting oxygen flow to critical areas and potentially accelerating cognitive decline.
The full list of recognized modifiable risk factors for dementia now includes:
1. Physical inactivity
2. Smoking
3. Excessive alcohol consumption
4. Air pollution
5. Head injury
6. Infrequent social contact
7. Less education
8. Obesity
9. Hypertension
10. Diabetes
11. Depression
12. Hearing impairment
13. Untreated vision loss
14. High cholesterol after age 40
These factors were determined through extensive analysis of meta-analyses, spotlighting the importance of early detection and intervention in managing health.
Healthcare professionals advocate for proactive discussions with primary care providers, especially during midlife. Early identification and management of high cholesterol and hypertension can significantly reduce the risk of developing dementia. Treatment strategies may encompass lifestyle modifications, medication, or a combination of both.
Even for individuals already experiencing early-stage dementia, addressing these risk factors can potentially slow down the progression of the disease. Research suggests that up to 40 percent of dementia cases may be preventable through lifestyle changes and health management.
Ultimately, the latest findings from The Lancet reinforce the notion that it is never too late to implement healthier habits. Simple actions, such as scheduling a cholesterol test or an eye examination, can contribute to improved brain health and overall well-being.
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