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A recent study presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress highlights the potential of diet, particularly fruit consumption, to protect lung health in the face of air pollution. With 99 percent of the global population exposed to air quality levels exceeding safety guidelines, this research offers a promising avenue for mitigating some of the harmful effects of pollution.
The study analyzed data from nearly 200,000 adults participating in the UK Biobank, a long-term health research project. Researchers examined the relationship between participants’ fruit intake and lung function, considering their exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), a hazardous form of air pollution generated by vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, and wildfires.
Findings revealed that individuals who consumed higher amounts of fruit exhibited better lung function, even when exposed to similar pollution levels. This protective effect was particularly pronounced among women, who experienced slower declines in lung function associated with higher fruit consumption.
The benefits of fruit are attributed to antioxidants, which combat oxidative stress caused by pollution. When pollutants enter the lungs, they produce free radicals that can damage cells and accelerate aging. Fruits are rich in antioxidants such as vitamin C, flavonoids, and carotenoids, which help neutralize these harmful molecules and reduce inflammation.
To enhance lung health through diet, experts suggest several straightforward strategies. Eating at least four servings of fruit daily is recommended, with a focus on variety to maximize different antioxidant benefits. Incorporating healthy fats, such as nut butter or yogurt, can improve the absorption of certain nutrients, like carotenoids. Additionally, frozen fruit offers a convenient and often more affordable option, as it retains much of its nutritional value.
While air pollution remains a significant challenge, individuals can take proactive steps to support their respiratory health through mindful dietary choices. Increasing fruit intake may serve as a simple yet effective way to bolster lung function, particularly for those living in polluted environments.
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